{"id":70613,"date":"2026-11-12T16:47:00","date_gmt":"2026-11-12T13:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/?p=70613"},"modified":"2026-11-11T13:47:37","modified_gmt":"2026-11-11T10:17:37","slug":"sorting-in-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/sorting-in-python\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u061b \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u06f8 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627. \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u063a\u0644\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc None \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc TypeError \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06af\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/learn\/python\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a> \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06f8 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u06f3 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 (sort\u060c sorted \u0648 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 key) \u0648 \u06f5 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 Timsort \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646: \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a sort() \u0648 sorted()<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f list.sort()<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062a\u062f sort() \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627 (in-place) \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/append-in-python\/\">\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 append \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06af\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 None \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 print \u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>numbers = &#91;34, -10, 7, 56, 3, 87, 12, 0]\nnumbers.sort()\nprint(numbers)\n# output: &#91;-10, 0, 3, 7, 12, 34, 56, 87]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062a\u062f sort() \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 numbers \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 (\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u06f1\u06f0) \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 (\u0639\u062f\u062f \u06f8\u06f7) \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0634 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f sort() \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>names = &#91;'kevin', 'amir', 'bob', 'jack', 'xander']\nprint(names.sort())\n# output: None\n\nprint(names)\n# output: &#91;'amir', 'bob', 'jack', 'kevin', 'xander']<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a names.sort() \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 print \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 None \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a names \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0632 amir \u062a\u0627 xander\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"jet-listing-grid--50121\" style=\"\"><div class=\"jet-listing-dynamic-field-block zht-maktab-khooneh-course cb-fb2qc30r\"data-is-block=\"jet-engine\/dynamic-field\"><div class=\"jet-listing-dynamic-field__content\" >\n<div class=\"course-card\">\n            <div class=\"course-card-img\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" \n                data-src=\"https:\/\/media1.maktabkhooneh.org\/CACHE\/images\/courses\/images\/\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639-\u062f\u0631-\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646_1403-08-16-164302580\/f29423c13b82071eb180868ff10a86e8.webp?expire=4893471932&#038;token=510ac272fc34db600e259e97b531d250&#038;md5=UQrCcvw022AOJZ6XtTHSUA==\" \n                alt=\"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\" \n                title=\"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\" \n               \n             src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\">\n        <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"course-details\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/course\/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4-%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86-mk1208\/\" class=\"course-title\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\n            \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646        <\/a>\n\n        <div class=\"course-price\">\n            \n                <span class=\"free-price\">\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646<\/span>\n\n                    <\/div>\n        <button class=\"course-cta-button\" data-course-url=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/course\/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4-%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86-mk1208\/\">\n            \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0645: \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 sorted()<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 sorted() \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 sort() \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c sorted() \u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u06cc\u0621 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 (iterable)\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u067e\u0644 (tuple)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 (set)\u060c \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>numbers = &#91;6, 9, 3, 1]\nsorted_numbers = sorted(numbers)\n\nprint(sorted_numbers)\n# output: &#91;1, 3, 6, 9]\n\nprint(numbers)\n# output: &#91;6, 9, 3, 1]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062f\u060c \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a numbers \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 sorted() \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 sorted_numbers \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06f1 \u062a\u0627 \u06f9 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 numbers \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0646\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc<\/th><th>\u0645\u062a\u062f list.sort()<\/th><th>\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 sorted()<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/td><td>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/td><td>\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0646\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc<\/td><td>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 None \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/td><td>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u0634<\/td><td>\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 (list) \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/td><td>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0621 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u067e\u0644\u060c \u0633\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc) \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/td><td>\u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631 (\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f).<\/td><td>\u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 reverse<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648 \u0627\u0632 A \u062a\u0627 Z\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 reverse \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 False \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u06cc reverse=True \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f sort() \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 sorted() \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>numbers = &#91;34, -10, 7, 56, 3, 87, 12, 0]\nnumbers.sort(reverse=True)\nprint(numbers)\n# output: &#91;87, 56, 34, 12, 7, 3, 0, -10]\n\nnames = &#91;\"Mona\", \"Omid\", \"Sara\", \"Ehsan\"]\nsorted_names_desc = sorted(names, reverse=True)\nprint(sorted_names_desc)\n# output: &#91;'Sara', 'Omid', 'Mona', 'Ehsan']<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a numbers \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f (\u06f8\u06f7) \u062a\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f (\u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u06f1\u06f0) \u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627 (\u062d\u0631\u0641 S \u062f\u0631 Sara) \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627 (\u062d\u0631\u0641 E \u062f\u0631 Ehsan) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 reverse=True \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f list.reverse() \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u062a\u062f reverse() \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>thislist = &#91;\"banana\", \"Orange\", \"Kiwi\", \"cherry\"]\nthislist.reverse()\nprint(thislist)\n# output: &#91;'cherry', 'Kiwi', 'Orange', 'banana']<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0633\u0648\u0645: \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0628<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 list.sort() \u0648 sorted() \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 key \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 key \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u06cc\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 (\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 (case-sensitive) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"447\" src=\"https:\/\/wpadmin.maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-6-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 key \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0648\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\" class=\"wp-image-71078\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-6-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-6-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-6-1-768x429.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>thislist = &#91;\"banana\", \"Orange\", \"Kiwi\", \"cherry\"]\nthislist.sort()\nprint(thislist)\n# output: &#91;'Kiwi', 'Orange', 'banana', 'cherry']<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/working-with-text-data-in-python\/\">str \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a>\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f str.lower \u06cc\u0627 str.casefold\u060c \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 key \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u062f str.lower \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u062f str.casefold \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>thislist = &#91;\"banana\", \"Orange\", \"Kiwi\", \"cherry\"]\nthislist.sort(key=str.lower)\nprint(thislist)\n# output: &#91;'banana', 'cherry', 'Kiwi', 'Orange']\n\nwords = \"This is a test string from Andrew\".split()\nprint(sorted(words, key=str.casefold))\n# output: &#91;'a', 'Andrew', 'from', 'is', 'string', 'test', 'This']<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 len \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 key \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>names = &#91;'kevin', 'amir', 'bob', 'jack', 'xander', 'al']\nprint(sorted(names, key=len))\n# output: &#91;'al', 'bob', 'amir', 'jack', 'kevin', 'xander']<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 (al \u0628\u0627 \u06f2 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631) \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 (xander \u0628\u0627 \u06f6 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0627 key=abs \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u06f5\u06f0 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>numbers = &#91;34, -10, 7, -56, 3, -87, 12, 0]\nprint(sorted(numbers, key=abs))\n# output: &#91;0, 3, 7, -10, 12, 34, -56, -87]\n\ndef myfunc(n):\n    return abs(n - 50)\n\nthislist = &#91;100, 50, 65, 82, 23]\nthislist.sort(key=myfunc)\nprint(thislist)\n# output: &#91;50, 65, 23, 82, 100]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc myfunc \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 abs(n &#8211; 50) \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06f5\u06f0 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u06f5\u06f0 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u06f6\u06f5 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u06f1\u06f5 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u062f. \u0639\u062f\u062f \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u06f5\u06f0 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 (\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f-\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/dictionary-in-python\/\">\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a> \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 sorted() \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"447\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpadmin.maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u06a9\u062f \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\" class=\"wp-image-71082 lazyload\" title=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-2-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-2-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-2-1-768x429.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/447;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>d = {1: 'D', 2: 'B', 3: 'B', 4: 'E', 5: 'A'}\nprint(sorted(d))\n# output: &#91;1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u067e\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645\u061b \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>students = &#91;\n    {\"name\": \"Nazanin\", \"score\": 15},\n    {\"name\": \"Negar\", \"score\": 18.5},\n    {\"name\": \"Alireza\", \"score\": 16.5},\n    {\"name\": \"Mohsen\", \"score\": 18}\n]\n\ndef get_score(student):\n    return student&#91;'score']\n\nstudents.sort(reverse=True, key=get_score)\nprint(students)\n# output: &#91;{'name': 'Negar', 'score': 18.5}, {'name': 'Mohsen', 'score': 18}, {'name': 'Alireza', 'score': 16.5}, {'name': 'Nazanin', 'score': 15}]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 get_score \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a students \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f score \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u062f sort \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u067e\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0621 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0627 def \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>student_tuples = &#91;\n    ('john', 'A', 15),\n    ('jane', 'B', 12),\n    ('dave', 'B', 10),\n]\nprint(sorted(student_tuples, key=lambda student: student&#91;2]))\n# output: &#91;('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('john', 'A', 15)]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645 lambda student: student[2] \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u067e\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0633 \u06f2 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 sorted() \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc TypeError \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 d.items() \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>data = &#91;{'a': 1}, {'b': 2}]\nprint(sorted(data, key=lambda d: sorted(d.items())))\n# output: &#91;{'a': 1}, {'b': 2}]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0637\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 operator<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0633 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 operator \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9\u06cc itemgetter() \u0648 attrgetter() \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/import-in-python\/\">import \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>itemgetter() \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u067e\u0644\u060c \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0633 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>attrgetter() \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u060c dataclass \u06cc\u0627 named tuple\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter\n\nstudent_tuples = &#91;\n    ('john', 'A', 15),\n    ('jane', 'B', 12),\n    ('dave', 'B', 10),\n]\n\nclass Student:\n    def __init__(self, name, grade, age):\n        self.name = name\n        self.grade = grade\n        self.age = age\n    def __repr__(self):\n        return repr((self.name, self.grade, self.age))\n\nstudent_objects = &#91;\n    Student('john', 'A', 15),\n    Student('jane', 'B', 12),\n    Student('dave', 'B', 10),\n]\n\nprint(sorted(student_tuples, key=itemgetter(2)))\n# output: &#91;('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('john', 'A', 15)]\n\nprint(sorted(student_objects, key=attrgetter('age')))\n# output: &#91;('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('john', 'A', 15)]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647 (grade) \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0646 (age) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter\n\nstudent_tuples = &#91;\n    ('john', 'A', 15),\n    ('jane', 'B', 12),\n    ('dave', 'B', 10),\n]\n\nclass Student:\n    def __init__(self, name, grade, age):\n        self.name = name\n        self.grade = grade\n        self.age = age\n    def __repr__(self):\n        return repr((self.name, self.grade, self.age))\n\nstudent_objects = &#91;\n    Student('john', 'A', 15),\n    Student('jane', 'B', 12),\n    Student('dave', 'B', 10),\n]\n\nprint(sorted(student_tuples, key=itemgetter(1, 2)))\n# output: &#91;('john', 'A', 15), ('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12)]\n\nprint(sorted(student_objects, key=attrgetter('grade', 'age')))\n# output: &#91;('john', 'A', 15), ('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12)]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc dave \u0648 jane \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 &#8216;B&#8217; \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 dave \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0646 \u06f1\u06f0 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 jane \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0646 \u06f1\u06f2 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f5 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/learn\/programming\/\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a> \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u063a\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f sort() \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/learn\/algorithm-design\/\">\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645<\/a> \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645: \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628\u06cc (Bubble Sort)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636 (swap) \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0650 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u062e \u0646\u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 [\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644] \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0645: \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u06cc (Selection Sort)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f: \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u060c \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0686\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u0634\u0645: \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u06cc (Insertion Sort)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpadmin.maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-5-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u06cc\" class=\"wp-image-71080 lazyload\" title=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-5-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-5-1-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-5-1-768x516.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/537;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u06f0 \u06cc\u0627 \u06f1 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u06f0 \u06cc\u0627 \u06f1 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0645: \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645\u06cc (Merge Sort)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u00ab\u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062d\u0644\u00bb (Divide and Conquer) \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"447\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpadmin.maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645\u06cc\" class=\"wp-image-71079 lazyload\" title=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-1-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-1-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-1-1-768x429.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/447;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 [\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644] \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u06f1 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f ( [\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644] \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06a9\u0631\u0631: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u00ab\u062d\u0644\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 merge(arr, l, m, r) \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f. \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u06af\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 3-way Merge Sort \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0634\u062a\u0645: \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 (Quick Sort)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u00ab\u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062d\u0644\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 O(n log n) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 [\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644] \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u06f3 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 (Pivot) \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0632 (Partitioning): \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0686\u067e \u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc: \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/python-recursive-functions\/\">\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a> \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0686\u067e (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0631) \u0648 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u062a\u0631) \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06a9\u0644 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0634\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061f (Timsort \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f sort() \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 sorted() \u0631\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 Timsort \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u062a\u0631\u0632 (Tim Peters) \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0\u06f2 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f. Timsort \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc (Hybrid) \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645\u06cc (Merge Sort) \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u062c\u06cc (Insertion Sort) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0650 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 runs\u060c \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"447\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpadmin.maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-4-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u200c\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 sorted \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\" class=\"wp-image-71081 lazyload\" title=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-4-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-4-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-4-1-768x429.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/447;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc (Stability) \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from operator import itemgetter\n\ndata = &#91;('red', 1), ('blue', 1), ('red', 2), ('blue', 2)]\nprint(sorted(data, key=itemgetter(0)))\n# output: &#91;('blue', 1), ('blue', 2), ('red', 1), ('red', 2)]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f &#8216;blue&#8217; \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 (&#8216;blue&#8217;, 1) \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 (&#8216;blue&#8217;, 2) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 reverse=True\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0639\u06cc (\u0633\u0646) \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc (\u0646\u0645\u0631\u0647) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>from operator import attrgetter\n\nclass Student:\n    def __init__(self, name, grade, age):\n        self.name = name\n        self.grade = grade\n        self.age = age\n    def __repr__(self):\n        return repr((self.name, self.grade, self.age))\n\nstudent_objects = &#91;\n    Student('john', 'A', 15),\n    Student('jane', 'B', 12),\n    Student('dave', 'B', 10),\n]\n\ns = sorted(student_objects, key=attrgetter('age')) # \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0644: \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0639\u06cc (\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u06cc)\nresult = sorted(s, key=attrgetter('grade'), reverse=True) # \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0645: \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc (\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u06cc)\nprint(result)\n# output: &#91;('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('john', 'A', 15)]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 Timsort \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f\u061b \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc TypeError \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06af\u0648\u0646<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0621 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631 &lt; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc TypeError \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u062f\u062f 10 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 &#8217;11&#8217;\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 map \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u200c\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 &#8217;10&#8217; \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 &#8216;2&#8217; \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 key \u0631\u0627 float \u06cc\u0627 int \u0628\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f:\u200edata = [10, &#8217;11&#8217;, 2, &#8216;3&#8217;]\u200e\u200eprint(sorted(map(str, data)))\u200e\u200e# output: [&#8217;10&#8217;, &#8217;11&#8217;, &#8216;2&#8217;, &#8216;3&#8217;]\u200e\u200eprint(sorted(data, key=float))\u200e\u200e# output: [2, &#8216;3&#8217;, 10, &#8217;11&#8217;]\u200e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 None \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 None \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0698\u0646\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:\u200edata = [3, None, 1, 2]\u200e\u200eprint(sorted(x for x in data if x is not None))\u200e\u200e# output: [1, 2, 3]\u200e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 NaN \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06cc: \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f IEEE-754\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 NaN \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 isnan \u0648 filterfalse \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:\u200efrom math import isnan\u200e\u200efrom itertools import filterfalse\u200e\u200edata = [3.0, float(&#8216;nan&#8217;), 1.0]\u200e\u200eprint(sorted(filterfalse(isnan, data)))\u200e\u200e# output: [1.0, 3.0]\u200e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 (Sets): \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 (set) \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:\u200es = {3, 1, 2}\u200e\u200eprint(sorted(s))\u200e\u200e# output: [1, 2, 3]\u200e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"jet-listing-grid--50121\" style=\"\"><div class=\"jet-listing-dynamic-field-block zht-maktab-khooneh-course cb-fb2qc30r\"data-is-block=\"jet-engine\/dynamic-field\"><div class=\"jet-listing-dynamic-field__content\" >\n<div class=\"course-card\">\n            <div class=\"course-card-img\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" \n                data-src=\"https:\/\/media1.maktabkhooneh.org\/CACHE\/images\/courses\/images\/msg384250343-971368\/7b3ca8c933671704be433020ec26729d.webp?expire=4893471932&#038;token=e782ed431cbad853750f12962d2d19ca&#038;md5=54LtQxy62FN1DxKWLS0Zyg==\" \n                alt=\"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\" \n                title=\"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\" \n               \n             src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\">\n        <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"course-details\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/course\/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%87-mk5482\/\" class=\"course-title\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\n            \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646        <\/a>\n\n        <div class=\"course-price\">\n            \n                <span class=\"real-price\">\n                                            799,000                                    <\/span>\n\n                <span>\n                    <span class=\"discounted-price\">\n                        439,450                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"price-currency\">\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span>\n                <\/span>\n\n                                    <div class=\"discount-percentage\">\n                        45%                    <\/div>\n                \n                    <\/div>\n        <button class=\"course-cta-button\" data-course-url=\"https:\/\/maktabkhooneh.org\/course\/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%87-mk5482\/\">\n            \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"447\" data-src=\"https:\/\/wpadmin.maktabkhooneh.org\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/sorting-in-python-3-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f sort \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc None \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644\" class=\"wp-image-71083 lazyload\" title=\"\" 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